Glossary of Logistics Terms


  • AID : Abbreviation for 'Agency for International Development. US Agency for International Development. An organization that regulates the aid provided by the US government to countries damaged by extraordinary events such as war, civil war, epidemic, famine, etc.
  • ATA : 'Abbreviation for American Truckers Association. Truckers Association of America.
  • AAR : Abbreviation for 'Against All Risks '. It is used for the All Risks Included clause in insurance policies.
  • AAR : Abbreviation for 'Association of American Railroads '. Inter-American Railroad Association.
  • ABAFT : For ships, towards the stern, at the stern, at the stern. Somewhere between the stern and the middle of the ship.
  • ABANDON : Abandonment or abandonment of goods by the loader or receiver.
  • ABATEMENT : Discount allowed on the invoice in case of damage to the goods or pricing above the tariff.
  • ABI : Abbreviation for 'Automated Broker Interface '. EDI system where agents at US Customs can carry out import transactions.
  • ABOARD : Placing the load on the transport vehicle, the load being on the vehicle.
  • ABSORPTION : A carrier undertakes the expenses of another carrier without reflecting them to the shipper / shipper.
  • ACCEPTANCE : Postdated draft or payment check that the drawer/payer accepts and is unconditionally obliged to pay when due. Roughly speaking, it is an agreement to purchase the goods under specified conditions.
  • ACCESSORIAL CHARGES : Expenses added to the basic tariff, such as rent of transport containers, exchange rate and delivery costs.
  • ACQUIESCENCE : A statement that if a bill of lading is accepted or signed by the shipper/shipper without protest, the shipper will be deemed to have accepted the terms of the agreement by remaining silent.
  • ACQUITTANCE : Document showing that the claim on the cargo is renounced.
  • ACS : Abbreviation for 'Automated Commercial Systems '. US Customs ' EDI BILGE system.
  • ACT OF GOD : Natural disaster.
  • AD VALOREM : Latin term meaning According to Value, mostly used in tax systems.
  • ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGE : 'Administrative Judge ' in the USA, ADMIRALITY, 'Naval Court ' in the USA, Naval Forces Command in the UK.
  • ADVANCE : 1.Advance in advance 2.To transport the previously booked ship that will depart in a short time.
  • ADVANCED CHARGES : Transportation fee transferred from one carrier to another, which will be ultimately collected from the shipper/loader or receiver/consignee.
  • ADVENTURE : Loading in which the sender/loader assumes all risks.
  • ADVICE OF SHIPMENT : Loading instruction. Packaging of the cargo, route determination, etc. of the domestic or foreign buyer. The note he sent regarding the issues. A copy of the invoice and, if requested, a copy of the bill of lading are attached to this instruction.
  • ADVISING BANK : The bank that initiates the credit relationship in the name and account of the merchant in a commercial business.
  • AFFREIGHTMENT, CONTRACT OF : Cargo space reservation contract. A contract that guarantees a maritime carrier to provide cargo space on its ship at a certain time and at a certain tariff to an exporter or importer.
  • AFT : The rear part of vehicles such as ships and planes.
  • AGENCY TARIFF : Agency Tariff. A tariff published by an agency on behalf of several carriers.
  • AGENT : Agency is a person or institution authorized to draw up contracts and act on behalf of someone else or a company, based on a contract or power of attorney.
  • AGGREGATE SHIPMENT : Combining and consolidating the cargo to be sent from different sellers to a single buyer/consignee and transporting it as a single load.
  • AGREED WEIHGT : The agreed weight or tonnage of the cargo between the carrier and the sender.
  • AIRWAY BILL : Air Waybill. Transport bill prepared in non-negotiable form between the shipper and the air carrier.
  • ALL IN Everything : all-inclusive price. Agreement covering all costs from departure to arrival.
  • ALONGSIDE : The side of the ship, the side. Goods delivered with 'Alongside ' registration are placed on the side suitable for loading at the port.
  • ALTERNATIVE RATES Alternative : freights.
  • AMBIENT TEMPERATURE : ambient temperature. Ambient temperature for a container is the atmospheric temperature.
  • AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING : American Maritime Bureau. The organization that registers the navigability of American ships.
  • AMS : Abbreviation for 'Automated Manifest System '. US Customs ' 'Automatic Summary Declaration System '.
  • ANTI-DUMPING DUTY : Anti-dumping duty. A tax imposed to discourage the sale of imported goods and to encourage the substitution of these goods with domestic goods.
  • ANY QUANTITY (AQ) : Expression stating that the determined freight will be applied regardless of the quantity of goods.
  • APPARENT GOOD ORDER : Determination that the goods are not damaged during external inspection.
  • APPRAISEMENT : Determination of the customs value of the goods. Determination of the taxable value of the imported goods by the customs authorities.
  • APPRAISERGS STORES : Customs warehouse where samples are taken, examined and measured to determine the customs value of imported goods.
  • ARBITRARY : Putting an arbitrary price on top of a fixed price.
  • ARRIVAL NOTICE : Arrival Notice. The note sent by the carrier to the buyer/consignee or his agent when the goods reach the point specified in the bill of lading.
  • ASC X12 : Abbreviation for 'American Standards Committee x12 '. American Standards Committee. The organization responsible for determining electronic data interchange standards in the USA.
  • ASSIGNMENT : Allocating bill of lading or negotiable instruments. Transfer of negotiable instruments to establish ownership or other rights. An endorsement in the case of bills of order (bills of lading); a written declaration of transfer in the case of registered bills.
  • ASTERN : Tornistan.
  • ATA CARNET ATA CARNET : The term created by combining the French 'Admission Temporaire ' and the English 'Temporary Admission '. A document issued by the relevant chambers of commerce that provides duty-free entry and exit of fairs, exhibitions, commercial samples and professional equipment to the territory of the country accepting the system for a certain period of time.
  • ATDNSHINC : Any Time, Daytime; Abbreviation for 'Night, Sundays and Holidays Included '. Always; including day, night, sundays and holidays.
  • ATWARTSHIPS : Transverse direction of the ship.
  • AVOIRDUPOIS POUNDS : Unit of load weight equal to 0.4535924277 kilograms. AWWL Abbreviation for 'Always Within Institute Warranties Limits '. Insurance expression meaning 'Always Within Guarantee Limits '.
  • B/L: Abbreviation for "Bill of Lading ".Bill of Lading. Bills of lading, in parallel with the conditions written on them; It may have names such as "Negotiable/Straight(Non-Negociable) ", "Clean/Dirty (Unclean) ", "Master/House ", "Services/Express ", "Received/Open/Shipped ". Types of bill of lading: 1. "Ocean/Marine B/L ": It is the bill of lading that covers the transportation from port to port and is signed by the carrier, captain or agency. Road, railway etc. Does not include internal transportation. 2. "Combined B/L ": It is the type of bill of lading issued when the cargo is transported by land, sea and air combinations. 3. "Through B/L ": It is the bill of lading issued when the cargo is transported by more than one sea vessel.
  • BACK HAUL: Return. Return load.
  • BAF: Abbreviation for "Bunker Adjusment Factor ". Fuel Adjustment Factor. It is used to protect marine line operators from fluctuating fuel prices. Also known as "FAF-Fuel Adjusment Factor ".
  • BALLOON FREIGHT: Light and bulky cargo.
  • BANK GUARANTIEE: Bank guarantee. The guarantee given by the bank to the carrier in case the original bill of lading is lost or misplaced.
  • BARGE CARRIERS: Barge carrier. A ship designed to carry barges.
  • BARRATRY: The term used for illegal behavior or corruption committed by the ship captain or other ship management without the consent and purposes of the ship owner. Negligence and other corruption that will cause damage are also included in this scope.
  • BARREL (BBL): Barrel. Container capable of handling 42 gallons of liquid at 60 ' F.
  • BASE RATE: The transportation fee determined in the basic tariff excluding the main freight and additional costs.
  • BB: 1. Abbreviation for "Ballast Bonus ". If the ship has an empty sailing distance and cost that is not insignificant in the main freight calculation between the discharge port of the previous voyage and the loading port of the next voyage, this is the fee charged to cover the empty sailing cost. 2. Abbreviation for "Bare Boat ". Bare boat charter. 3.Abbreviation for "Bar-Bound ". "River Plate " sanitary condition in the grain trade.
  • BCO: Abbreviation for "Beneficial Cargo Owner ". The beneficiary cargo owner. The person who receives the goods at the destination, does not act as a third party in the transportation of the goods and is stated as the importer in the records.
  • BEAM: The width of the ship.
  • BELT LINE: Interchangeable rail system serving the commercial area.
  • BENEFICIARY: Beneficiary. The individual or company authorized to receive payment.
  • BERTH TERMS: Loading and unloading condition. Conditions covering the costs from the ship 's loading dock to the unloading dock. Also known as "Docking Condition ".
  • BILETERAL: Mutual. A contract term that indicates the mutual consent of the parties.
  • BILL OF EXCHANGE: Payment instruments such as promissory note, bill of exchange, bill of lading.
  • BILL OF LADING: Bill of Lading. Basic and negotiable document with versatile usage used in the transportation of goods, raw materials and goods. The bill of lading determines the freight, the characteristics of the goods transported, the route and the parties who have property rights on the cargo.
  • BILL OF SALE: A document that transfers the ownership of the cargo in return for payment or debt.
  • BILL OF PARTY: The customer who is obliged to pay for the service.
  • BILLED WEIGHT: Invoiced weight. The weight of the cargo specified on the bill of lading.
  • BLANKET BOND: A bond covering several people, goods and belongings.
  • BLANKET RATE: Transport fee/tariff applicable to different items of goods in a single shipment.
  • BLANKET WAYBILL: Bill of lading issued for cargo transported on more than one voyage.
  • BLIND SHIPMENT: Loading without specifying the recipient or sender in the bill of lading.
  • BLOCK STOWAGE: Load stacking to prevent unintentional movements.
  • BLOCKED TRAINS: Block train. A freight train that carries many wagons to a single destination without stopping at different stations and adding or removing wagons.
  • BLOCKING OR BRACING: Wooden or metal supports placed next to loads to fix them.
  • BLS (BALES): Bale.
  • BOARD: Board. Gain access to the vehicle.
  • BOARD FEET: Load measurement 12 inches wide by 1 foot long.
  • BOBTAIL: A tow truck without a trailer traveling on the highway.
  • BOGIE: Wheel system mounted under the container.
  • BOLSTER: The part that ensures the security of the container mounted on the chassis.
  • BOND PORT: Customs port of entry.
  • BONDED FREIGHT: Bonded cargo.
  • BONDED WAREHOUSE: Bonded warehouse. A warehouse where customs officials allow the goods to be stored until customs procedures are completed.
  • BOOKING: Reservation.
  • BOOKING NUMBER: Reservation number.
  • BOTTOM SIDE RAILS: Longitudinal structural elements at the bottom of the container.
  • BOTTOM-AIR DELIVERY: A mechanism that provides air circulation in a temperature-controlled container.
  • BOW: The front of the ship.
  • BOXCAR: Closed railway freight vehicle.
  • BREAK BULK: Bulk cargo.
  • BRIDGE POINT: Front transport point. The land point where the cargo transported from one port to another is collected.
  • BRIDGE PORT: Pre-transportation port. The port where the cargo carried by a ship is collected, loaded into the container and transferred to another port for retransportation.
  • BROKEN STOWAGE: An area that cannot be used due to the type and characteristics of the loaded cargo or a planning error in its placement.
  • BROKER: Broker. A person who prepares to carry a load and earns a commission from the transportation of the load.
  • BROKERAGE: Brokerage.
  • BULK CARGO: Bulk cargo. Ore, coal, sand, etc. unpackaged or containerized cargo, such as unmarked cargo.
  • BULK CARRIERS: Bulk cargo carrier. All ships built to carry bulk goods such as grain, fertilizer, ore and oil.
  • BULK-FREIGHT CONTANIER: A container used as a discharge hatch for bulk cargo.
  • BULKHEAD: Bracket. Container, wagon etc. Separator used to transport goods separately from each other in transport containers.
  • BULL RINGS: Pieces placed on the bottom of the container to strengthen the transported goods and prevent them from slipping.
  • BUNKER CHARGE: Fuel adjustment factor. see BAF
  • BUNKERS: Ship fuel.
  • C&F: Abbreviation for "Cost and Freight ". "Freight and Cost " as a cargo sales term. A type of sale in which the seller assumes the cost of the goods and transportation costs to the port of destination. The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), which determines INCOTERMS terms, changed this sales term to "CFR " on July 1, 1990.
  • CABOTAGE: Cabotage. The name given to sea and waterway transportation between the ports of the same country. Many countries, including Turkey, have imposed legal restrictions on coastal transportation to be carried out by ships with certain flags.
  • CAF: Abbreviation for "Currency Adjustment Factor ". Foreign exchange adjustment factor. It is used to protect marine line operators from fluctuating fuel prices.
  • CAPTAIN 'S PROTEST: The report kept by the captain due to bad weather or similar conditions. It is registered at the first port. It is generally issued to protect the ship owner or operator from liability for damages suffered by the cargo during the voyage. Also known as "Sea Protest ".
  • CAR POOLING: The carrier and the shipper 's use of land/rail transportation vehicles belonging to private individuals through a central authority.
  • CAR SEAL: Vehicle seal. Container, wagon etc. Metal or bird seal placed on the doors of transport containers. The seal is usually numbered for record.
  • CARFLOAT: Rail system used for cargo transfer in ports.
  • CARGO: Load.
  • CARGO MANIFEST: Cargo Manifest / Summary Declaration. A list showing the sender and receiver of the cargo carried on a specific voyage and the type and quantity of the goods.
  • CARGO NOS: Abbreviation for "Cargo Not Otherwise Specified ". Tariff fee applicable for loads that are not specified among the goods items specified in freight transportation tariffs.
  • CARGO PREFERENCE: Cargo that must be transported by country vehicles. Generally, public goods are included in this scope.
  • CARGO TONNAGE: Cargo tonnage. The weight of the goods subject to tariff.
  • CARLOAD RATE: Vehicle load price.
  • CARNET: Report card. Document issued by customs for a good to cross international borders.
  • CARRIER: Carrier. The person or organization that undertakes the responsibility of carrying out transportation by land, air, sea, railway, inland waterway or combined transportation in accordance with a transportation contract.
  • CARRIER CERTIFICATE: Carrier Certificate. The document requested from the carrier by the customs authorities to withdraw the goods from customs.
  • CARTAGE: Internal transport. Road or rail transportation between cities of the same country.
  • CARTMENT Customs transport document. A document issued for transportation from one place (customs bonded warehouse) to another under customs control within the jurisdiction of the same customs.
  • CASH AGAINST DOCUMENT 'S(CAD): Payment against documents. Cash payment made by the buyer to the agent acting on behalf of the seller in return for the delivery of the goods documents.
  • CASH IN ADVANCE (CIA): Advance payment. Prepayment made by the buyer to the seller for the loading of the goods. This method is generally used for machines and parts made to order.
  • CASH WITH ORDER (CWO): Payment when the order is placed.
  • CBM: Abbreviation for "Cubic Meter ". Also abbreviated as CM. Cubic metre.
  • CE (CONSUMPTION ENTRY): Document used for the declaration of goods imported to the USA.
  • CELLS Cell system. The stacking method in which containers are placed on top of each other on container ships.
  • CENTER OF GRAVITY: The center of gravity of the transport vehicle or container.
  • CERTIFICATE: Testimony, certificate. Document showing the permission granted to the carrier by the customs or other responsible institution.
  • CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN: Certificate of origin. Document showing the country of origin of the goods in international trade.
  • CFR Abbreviation for "Cost and Freight ". Cost and freight. It means that the seller pays the costs and freight fee required to transport the goods to the specified port of destination by specifying the port of destination. However, in this type of sale, the risk of loss or damage to the goods and all related expenses pass from the seller to the buyer after the goods pass from the loading port to the ship 's board. The CFR term requires that the goods be exported by the seller.
  • CFS is an abbreviation for "Container Freight Station ". Container transfer station. The place where container loads are unloaded and reloaded. The place where missing container loads are generally completed and the loads destined for the same consignee/consignee are consolidated.
  • CHARTER PARTY Ship lease contract. It regulates information such as the duration of the contract, freight charges and ports of call during the voyage.
  • CHASSIS: Chassis. A mechanism with wheels and a container lock that secures the container while moving.
  • CHOCK: Metal or wooden construction that prevents the load from tipping over.
  • CI: Abbreviation for "Cost and Insurance ". "Cost and insurance ". A sales agreement covering the cost of goods, marine insurance and all transportation charges other than freight.
  • CIF: Abbreviation for "Cost, Insurance and Freight ". In this type of sale, the seller has the same obligations as in the CFR term. But at the same time, there is an obligation to provide maritime insurance against the risk of loss or damage to the goods during transportation. The seller signs an insurance contract and pays the premium. CIF requires export-exit transactions to be made by the seller.
  • CIF&C Abbreviation for "Cost, Insurance, Freight & Commission ". "Cost, insurance, freight and commission ". It is a sales agreement in which the seller covers the cost of the goods, freight charges and transportation insurance, as well as commissions.
  • CIF&E Abbreviation for "Cost, Insurance, Freight & Exchange ". "Cost, insurance, freight and foreign exchange ". It is a sales agreement in which the seller undertakes the cost of the goods, freight charges and transportation insurance, as well as foreign exchange expenses.
  • CIFCI: Abbreviation for "Cost, Insurance, Freight, Collection And Interest ". "Cost, insurance, freight, delivery and interest ". It is a sales agreement in which the seller undertakes the cost of the goods, freight charges and transportation insurance, as well as delivery and interest expenses.
  • CIP Abbreviation for "Carriage and Insurance Paid to ". It is a sales term meaning that the seller has the same obligations under CPT. However, in addition, it requires the buyer to provide cargo insurance against the risk of transportation of the goods. The seller signs an insurance contract and pays the premium. The seller is also obliged to provide the buyer with only the minimum level of insurance coverage in the CIP term. CIP requires export transactions to be carried out by the seller.
  • CKD Abbreviation for "Completely Knocked Down ". Disassembling and transporting vehicles, equipment and devices of a type that will be subject to special transportation.
  • CL Abbreviation for "Carload " and "Containerload ". Container load.
  • CLAIM A claim for compensation made to the carrier for payment of goods damaged or missing during transportation.
  • CLASSIFICATION: Classification. Lists developed by customs or other competent authorities setting out the items of goods detailed on a bill of lading.
  • CLASSIFICATION RATING Pricing that can be applied to goods items placed under classification.
  • CLASSIFICATION YARD: The area where the freight train train is created.
  • CLAYTON ACT: US anti-monopoly law of 1914 that made price discrimination illegal.
  • CLEAN BILL OF LADING A bill of lading issued by the carrier showing that the goods are undamaged and complete when received by the carrier. Unless otherwise stated, the bill of lading is considered "cleaned ".
  • CLEANING IN TRANSIT: Cleaning, sorting and/or repackaging the goods by stopping them somewhere between the origin and destination points.
  • CLEARANCE 1.Customs Clearance 2.Loading the vehicle so that it can easily pass through places with limited passage such as bridges or tunnels.
  • CLEAT Iron or wooden strips mounted inside the load to increase its durability.
  • CLECAT: European Forwarders, Customs Agents and Logistics Association. It is a transportation organization that was founded in 1958, is a member of associations and federations representing freight forwarders, customs agencies and logistics companies in European countries, and has consultancy status with the EU Commission.
  • CLIP-ON Cooling equipment that can be installed in an insulated container.
  • COASTWISE Sea transportation along the coast.
  • COD Abbreviation for "Collect (cash) on Delivery ". Payment method on delivery.
  • COFC Abbreviation for "Container On Flat Car ". An abbreviation used in railway transportation to mean "Container transported by flat wagon ".
  • COGSA Abbreviation for "Carriage of Goods by Sea Act ". The law dated 1936 that regulates the carrier 's responsibilities arising from the bill of lading in maritime transportation in the USA.
  • COLLECTING BANK: The bank to which the transfer is made. The bank that acts as the agent of the seller 's bank and does not assume any responsibility for the goods and the bill of lading.
  • COLLECTION: A check/draft issued by the seller, usually accompanied by other transportation documents, and containing instructions for the method of payment.
  • COMBINATION EXPORT MANAGER: A company that exports the goods of more than one manufacturer that is not a competitor of each other.
  • COMBINATION PASSENGER AND CARGO SHIPS: Combined passenger and cargo ship. These are ships with a capacity of 13 or more passengers.
  • COMBINATION RATE Rate, fee consisting of 2 or more factors.
  • COMMERCIAL INVOICE Commercial invoice . An invoice that records all transactions between the exporter and importer and forms the basis of the documents issued for the transported goods.
  • COMMODITY: High. Transported goods.
  • COMMODITY RATE Printed tariff showing the transportation fee applied for certain cargo items.
  • COMMON CARRIER Carrier, transporter. A person or company that transports goods based on printed tariffs.
  • COMMON LAW Unwritten law based on custom and tradition.
  • CONCEALED DAMAGE Concealed damage. Damage that cannot be noticed during the first inspection or without opening the packaging of the goods.
  • CONFERENCE An association with common rules and tariffs established by shipowners and ship owners serving on the same route.
  • CONFIRMED LETTER OF CREDIT Confirmed letter of credit, Letter of Credit. Letter of credit issued by a foreign bank and approved by a local bank. The exporter with a confirmed letter of credit is guaranteed to receive payment even if the foreign buyer or his bank is at fault.
  • CONFIRMING BANK: Approving/issuing bank. A bank that confirms another bank 's letter of credit and agrees to make payment upon delivery of the documents specified in the letter of credit.
  • CONNECTING CARRIER: The carrier company that establishes a connection between two carriers.
  • CONSIGNEE Buyer, consignee. In the transportation documents, the person or company authorized to receive the transported goods.
  • CONSIGNEE MARK Consignee symbol. There are symbols, usually triangles, circles, squares, etc., placed on the packages for identification. symbols containing shapes and letters indicating the discharge port.
  • CONSIGNMENT (1) Goods that are sent to the location specified by an intermediary for transportation, but to which the producer still has the right. (2) Loading the goods to deliver them to the buyer/consignment.
  • CONSIGNOR The person specified as the sender of the goods on the bill of lading.
  • CONSOLIDATION Combining loads from different sources destined for the same shipment.
  • CONSOLIDATOR A person or company that consolidates or provides consolidation services.
  • CONSTRUCTION DIFFERENTIAL SUBSIDY Construction wage difference subsidy.
  • CONSUL Consul.
  • CONSULAR DECLERATION Cargo details approved by the consul of the shipping country.
  • CONSULAR INVOICE Document required by some countries and signed by a consular official. It is usually requested by the customs of the importing country to determine the value, type and characteristics of the goods.
  • CONSULAR VISA: The signature or seal added to the documents by the consul of the sending country.
  • CONSUMPTION ENTRY (CE): Declaration of goods imported into the USA.
  • CONTAINER Container. Various lengths, widths and heights, refrigerated, ventilated, open-top, for bulk cargo, etc. There are types; Transport container that can be transported by ship, plane, train and truck.
  • CONTAINER BOOKING: Container reservation. To make a reservation for a container on shipping lines that carry out container transportation.
  • CONTAINER LOAD Sufficient load to fill the container.
  • CONTAINER MANIFEST: Container manifest. Document containing the goods and loading information in the container.
  • CONTAINER POLL An agreement between companies to open containers for common use.
  • CONTAINER TERMINAL: Container terminal. An area with land, sea and railway connections where stacking, loading, unloading, repair and maintenance of full or empty containers are carried out.
  • CONTAINER YARD (CY): Container area. The area where loaded or empty containers are handled, loaded, unloaded and stored.
  • CONTAINERIZABLE CARGO: Economical cargo that does not leave any space in the container and does not cause loss of space.
  • CONTAINERIZATION Loading of general or special purpose cargo into containers for different transportation modes.
  • CONTRABAND Prohibited cargo.
  • CONTRACT Contract, contract. A legal written agreement reached by two or more parties to fulfill an obligation at a certain value within a certain period of time.
  • CONTRACT CARRIER: Contracted carrier. A person or organization that transports goods or passengers within the scope of a contract.
  • CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE: Computer-controlled transportation system that controls the mixture of gases.
  • CORNER POSTS: Vertical frames located at the corners of the container and making it easier to place the containers on or take them from the transportation vehicle.
  • CORRESPONDANT BANK Correspondent bank. The local bank that handles the business of the overseas bank.
  • COST,INSURANCE AND FREIGHT (CIF): Freight, insurance, cost. See CIF
  • COUNTERVAILING DUTY A tax imposed on foreign importers to promote local exports.
  • CPT: Abbreviation for "Carriage Paid To ". Transportation fee prepaid means that the transportation fee is paid by the seller for the transportation of the goods to the destination by specifying the destination. After the goods are transferred to the carrier, the risk of loss or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs that may occur after this delivery, are paid by the buyer. If other carriers are used to deliver the goods to the destination, the risk passes to this carrier when the goods are transferred from them to the first carrier. CPT requires export and exit transactions to be made by the seller.
  • CROSS MEMBER: Cross construction mounted under the container, strengthening the container.
  • CU Abbreviation for "Cubic ". Abbreviation for "Cube " in the metric system.
  • CUBE OUT The volume of a container is filled below the legal weight limits.
  • CUBE FOOT 1.728 inches. size measure of volume. Also known as "Cubic Foot ".
  • CUSTOMHOUSE: Customs Office.
  • CUSTOMHOUSE BROKER Customs broker. A legal intermediary authorized to carry out customs transactions on behalf of its customer.
  • CUSTOMS Customs.
  • CUSTOMS BONDED WAREHOUSE Bonded warehouse. Warehouse area where goods to be cleared are allowed to be placed.
  • CUSTOM ENTRY Customs entry. In all countries, importers are required to make a declaration for the goods they can allow to enter the country 's border and to pay the customs duties of the imported goods. The fact that the importer 's customs declaration is the same as the carrier 's manifest (summary declaration) indicates that the goods have been imported in accordance with the law.
  • CUSTOM INVOICE: Customs invoice. The form containing all the data in the commercial invoice, certificate of origin and certificate of value. It is only required in a few countries and functions as the seller 's commercial invoice.
  • CUSTOM OF THE PORT Port Custom . It specifies local rules and practices that affect transportation costs at the ports of the country to which the goods are sent.
  • CUT-OFF TIME: The last date and time for the cargo to be delivered to the terminal before the departure of the train or ship.
  • CWT: A measure of weight in 100 pounds.
  • CY See "Container Yard "
  • D&H Abbreviation for "Dangerous & Hazardeous ". Cargo that is dangerous and requires care and attention to be transported.
  • DAF Abbreviation for "Delivered At Frontier ". Delivery at the border, specifying the destination. It means that the seller 's obligations end when the goods are made ready for delivery at the specified place and point at the border, but before the customs border of the adjacent country, with the customs exit procedures completed at the specified place.
  • DOT: Abbreviation for "Department of Transportation ". US Department of Transportation (Transportation).
  • DDC Abbreviation for "Destination Delivery Charge ". Delivery charge on arrival. This is a charge applied to many cargo tariffs, depending on the container size. This cost is added to the basic sea freight as an incidental expense. Gate fees are included for crane unloading from the ship, heavy truck transportation within the terminal, and terminal operations.
  • DDP: Abbreviation for "Delivered Duty Paid ". It states that the seller 's delivery obligation will be fulfilled when the goods are made available at the designated place in the importing country, with the importer 's customs duty paid and the destination specified for delivery. The seller assumes all risks and expenses, including customs duty, taxes and other charges, upon delivery of the goods with completed entry procedures. . While EXW means the least responsibility for the seller, DDP means the most.
  • DDU Abbreviation for "Delivered Duty Unpaid ". It means that the seller will have fulfilled his delivery obligation by keeping the delivered goods ready at the designated place in the importing country without paying customs duty. The seller is responsible for the costs and risks (other than customs duties, taxes and other payable import charges) of the goods while they are brought here. The buyer assumes any additional costs that may occur and the risks that may arise due to insufficient customs clearance procedures.
  • DEADWEIGHT It refers to the total ton carrying capacity of a ship for cargo, dry and liquid cargo. The deadweight capacity of the ship is calculated as the difference in tons of the amount of water it takes in when it is empty and the amount of water it takes in when it is loaded until it sinks to the "load line ".
  • DEADWEIGHT CARGO Ship loading unit. It refers to the ton weight of cargo that can be stacked in a 40-foot space.
  • DECONSOLIDATION POINT: The place where dispersed or uncontained cargo is reloaded for delivery.
  • DEFICIT WEIGHT Deficit tonnage. Less weight than it should be.
  • DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS: Delivery instructions. Instruction to pick up the goods from the specified address and deliver them to the distribution dock. Generally, such instructions are given by the exporter to the land transport operator or the railway transport operator complementing the land transport. Also known as "Shipping Deliver Order ".
  • DEMDES Abbreviation for "Demurrage/Despatch ". The money paid when the loading or unloading of goods from the ship is carried out faster or slower than anticipated.
  • DENSITY Density. The load weight per cubic meter or other unit of volume.
  • DEPOT,CONTAINER Container Depot. Empty area where empty containers are taken and left.
  • DEQ: Abbreviation for "Delivered Ex Quay, (Duty Paid) ". Delivery at the dock. The port of destination must be specified. It means that the customs entry procedures of the goods have been completed and the DDU is fulfilled at the port on the appropriate dock. The seller must bear all costs and risks, including customs duties, taxes and other fees, until the delivery of the goods.
  • DES Abbreviation for "Delivered Ex Ship ". Delivery on board. It is the fulfillment of the obligation to deliver the goods on the ship before the customs procedures are completed, by specifying the port of destination. The seller must cover the risks and expenses that may occur to the goods until they arrive at the designated port.
  • DESTINATION Place of destination, direction, destination. The place where the carrier will deliver the goods to the buyer or his agent.
  • DETENTION 1. It is a fine imposed on the sender or receiver who causes the carrier 's equipment to be delayed beyond the given available time. Demurrage is applied to the load and detention is applied to the equipment. 2. Detention of the vehicle and cargo by the state for various reasons.
  • DEVANNING Unloading the container or cargo van.
  • DF CAR Abbreviation for "Damage-free Car ". Freight wagon with special equipment against damage.
  • DISCREPANCY LETTER OF CREDIT: Disputed letter of credit/letter of credit. If the documents submitted do not comply with the requirements of the Letter of Credit, they will be treated as "disputed ". Banks cannot deal with disputed letters of credit. They report the situation to the buyer or seller and wait for instructions.
  • DISPLACEMENT: Weight of the ship. It is calculated by dividing the cubic meters of water overflowed by the ship by 1,025 tons/m., which is the average density of sea water.
  • DIVERSION A change in the route of goods in transit or the entire ship.
  • DIVISION: A carrier 's practice of splitting revenue from joint shipments.
  • DOCK: Dock. In ground transportation, a loading and unloading platform at an industrial park or carrier terminal.
  • DOCK RECEIPT: Dock delivery note. Document proving that the goods have been received. It is mostly used in the preparation of sea bills of lading.
  • DOCUMENTS AGAINTS ACCEPTANCE: (D/A) It is the instruction given by the buyer to the bank regarding the delivery of the documents in case the buyer makes the payment.
  • DOLLY: A set of wheels that supports the front of the container. It is used when the container is not attached to a tractor.
  • DOOR TO DOOR Door to door transportation. Carrying out all transportation operations of the goods from the sender to the receiver. It is also known as house-to-house moving.
  • DRAFT: It is an unconditional instruction sent by one party (drawer) to another party (drawer) in writing, asking the addressee to pay a certain amount on a certain date.
  • DRAFT BANK A check, draft or promissory note that a seller sends to the buyer, usually through a bank.
  • DRAFT CLEAN A check, draft or promissory note to which no documents are attached.
  • DRAFT DATE A check, draft or promissory note that expires on a certain date, regardless of the date of acceptance.
  • DRAFT DISCOUNTED A postdated check, draft or promissory note that has been accepted under a letter of credit and purchased by a bank at a discount.
  • DRAFT SIGHT: A check, draft or promissory note that can be paid against documents upon request.
  • DRAFT TIME A check, draft or promissory note that expires on a certain date in return for documents or after recourse for acceptance.
  • DRAWBAG A partial refund of an import duty. Refunds are usually made because the goods are re-exported from the country where the duty was collected.
  • DRAWEE Addressee. The person or company that organizes a draft. Therefore, it is the party receiving the payment.
  • DRAYAGE: The fee charged for local transportation by heavy goods vehicle or truck. It has the same meaning as "Cartage ".
  • DRSF Abbreviation for "Destination Rail Freight Station ". "Destination railway freight station ".
  • DRY CARGO Non-liquid cargo. Temperature control is usually not required.
  • DRY -BULK CONTAINER: Dry bulk cargo container. Container made to transport small grained, powdery and solid fluid goods in bulk. It has a special chassis or platform.
  • DUMPING: Discount, price breaking. It is trying to import a good below a country 's average market price. There is usually a subsidy from the exporting country.
  • ECMCA: Abbreviation for "Eastern Central Motor Carriers Association ". US East Coast Motor Carriers Association.
  • EWIB Abbreviation for "Eastern Weighing and Inspection Bureau ". US East Coast Weighing and Inspection Center.
  • EDGE PROTECTOR Triangle-shaped protector that prevents metal strips from damaging the packaging of the goods in safes, parcels, boxes, etc.
  • EDI: Abbreviation for "Electronic Data Interface ". Electronic Data Interchange (EVD). Data exchange system that securely ensures the flow of commercial information between computer systems.
  • EDIFACT: Abbreviation for "United Nations Electronic Data Interchange for Adminstration, Commerce and Transport ". The organization that determines the standards for electronic information exchange for administration, commerce and transportation. Commercial electronic messaging system supported and developed by the United Nations and also implemented in Turkish Customs. UN/EDIFACT Also known as.
  • ELEVATING The value placed on the transportation service of grain products with grain elevators.
  • ELKINS ACT: The law passed by the US Congress in 1903, which introduced certain standards in accounting practices and applied a penalty system for incorrect practices.
  • EMBARGO: Embargo. A country 's ban on all goods originating from a certain country or on the transportation of certain goods regardless of their origin.
  • EMINENT DOMAIN Expropriation. The seizure of privately owned property by the state for the public benefit with reasonable compensation.
  • EMPTY REPO: Transportation of empty containers and the contract regarding this transportation.
  • ENDORSEMENT Endorsement. The signature placed on the back of negotiable instruments such as cheques/bills/bills of lading. Endorsement shows that the value of the negotiable instrument has been transferred to the bearer.
  • ENTRY: Entry documents. Documents required by customs to carry out customs procedures before the imported goods enter the domestic markets.
  • EQUALIZATION Official permission given to the shipper or receiver to receive the cargo from a location other than the point specified on the bill of lading.
  • EQUIPMENT INTERCHANGE RECEIPT: (EIR) Equipment change document. Document required for the transportation of the container from one carrier to another or from one terminal to another.
  • ETA: Abbreviation for "Estimated Time of Arrival ". Estimated time of arrival.
  • ETHYLENE Ethylene. Gas secreted by many fruits and vegetables that accelerates ripening. Some countries impose restrictions on its use.
  • EX- "FROM " As a sales term, "From Somewhere ". The phrase "Ex " or "From " indicates the sales value of the goods at the exit point. For example: "ex Factory " indicates the ex-factory price of the goods. "Ex Dock " indicates the price of the goods at the exit port. expresses.
  • EX DEC is a term meaning "Shipper 's Export Declaration ".
  • EXCEPTION: Exceptions. The carrier notes visible damages or losses on the bill of lading when it receives the goods at its own terminal or loading port.
  • EXIM BANK is an abbreviation for "Export-Import Bank ". It is a public bank established to promote imports and exports, providing credit guarantees to exporters and repayment insurance for export credits.
  • EXPIRY DATE Expiry date. Expiry date for letter of credit, cheque, bill of exchange, letter of credit, tariff, etc.
  • EXPORT: Export, Export. Selling of reprocessed goods produced in a certain country to third countries.
  • EXPORT DECLERATION Export Declaration. The document required by the state before the foreign shipment of goods.
  • EXPORT LICENSE Export permit. A document that allows the owner to export specified goods to a specified direction.
  • EXPORT RATE: The price applied for cargo sent from the local port to a foreign country.
  • EXW is the abbreviation for "Ex Works ". Delivery at work. It means that the seller 's obligations end when the seller makes the goods ready for the buyer in his own organization (factory, warehouse, etc.). Unless there is a provision to the contrary, the seller must load the goods on the vehicle provided by the buyer or It does not have to carry out customs exit procedures. All expenses and risks related to taking the goods from the seller 's establishment to the desired location belong to the buyer. This term carries a minimum obligation for the seller.
  • FDA Abbreviation for "Food and Drug Administration ". US Food and Drug Administration.
  • FACTOR Factor The rate used to calculate sales receivables.
  • FAF: Abbreviation for "Fuel Adjustment Factor ". See BAF
  • FAK Abbreviation for "Freight All Kinds ". General cargo. It refers to a fully loaded container containing mixed goods from different buyers.
  • FALSE BILLING Incorrect declaration of weight or freight on the shipping documents.
  • FAS Abbreviation for "Free Alongside Ship ". Delivery on Board of the Ship. It means that the seller 's delivery obligation is fulfilled by placing the goods on the dock or barge in line with the ship at the specified loading port. From this moment on, any loss or damage to the goods and all costs and risks are borne by the buyer.
  • FCA Abbreviation for "Free Carrier ". At no cost to the carrier. It means that the seller 's obligation is fulfilled when the goods are delivered to the carrier specified by the buyer at the place specified by the buyer, with the export transactions completed. If a specific point for delivery is not specified by the buyer, then the seller can choose the point at which he will hand over the goods to the carrier within an area or place whose boundaries have not been previously determined.
  • FCL Abbreviation for "Full Container Load ". Container filled by a single customer.
  • FD Abbreviation for "Free Discharge ". Free evacuation.
  • FEEDER SERVICE Discharge service of cargo destined for long distances from local ports to the central transfer port.
  • FEEDER VESSEL Small capacity short distance vessels used for transshipment services.
  • FEU Abbreviation for "Forty-Foot Equivalent Units ". 40 feet tall container standard. 20 feet container is called TEU. 2 TEU equals 1 FEU.
  • FIATA Abbreviation for "Federastion International des Associations de Trasitaires et Assimillés ". International Federation of Freight Forwarder Associations. Headquartered in Zurich, the association includes 93 national transportation, freight forwarder, customs agencies and logistics associations and federations as members.
  • FIFTH WHEEL: A semicircular steel piece that connects and locks the truck 's tractor to the chassis.
  • FIO is an abbreviation for "Free In and Out ". It indicates that port costs for loading or unloading from and to the ship are not included in the costs. It is the opposite of "Liner In and Out ".
  • FIRKIN 1A unit of volume measurement equal to 1/4 of a barrel.
  • FIXED COSTS: Fixed Costs. Non-activity related expenses. Terminal, warehouse, warehouse etc. in transportation. rents, property taxes and other fixed taxes are such expenses.
  • FLAT CAR: A railroad car without a roof or walls.
  • FLAT RACK/FLAT BED CONTAINER A platform-shaped container without sides or walls into which goods can be loaded from the side and top.
  • FMC (FMC): Abbreviation for "Federal Maritime Commission ". US National Maritime Commission.
  • FOB: Abbreviation for "Free on Board ". Free on board. Delivery at the specified loading port. It means that the seller has completed his obligations by delivering the goods to the ship 's board at the specified loading port. From this point on, the buyer assumes all costs and risks related to loss and damage of the goods. FOB requires export and exit transactions to be carried out by the seller.
  • FOB FREIGHT ALLOWED FOB: In addition to the sales conditions, the buyer undertakes the internal transportation of the goods from the exit point to the ship 's board. In this type of sale, the seller deducts the internal transportation cost from his invoice.
  • FOB FREIGHT PREPAID Under FOB sales conditions, the seller undertakes the internal transportation of the goods from the point of origin to the ship 's board. The name of the internal carrier is added next to the FOB phrase.
  • FOB NAMED POINT OF EXPORTATION FOB: refers to the seller 's obligation to deliver the goods to the specified point in the sales conditions.
  • FOB VESSEL In FOB sales terms, it refers to the seller 's obligation to prepare the expenses and export documents until the ship 's board.
  • FOR is an abbreviation for "Free on Rail. " A cargo sales term that refers to delivery on rail.
  • FORCE MAJEURE: Forced situations. War, natural disaster, earthquake, etc. A statement that summarizes events beyond the control of the contracting parties that prevent them from fulfilling their obligations.
  • FORK LIFT: A work machine used to lift and lower pallets, sleds and boxes.
  • FOUL BILL OF LADING Bill of lading showing that the goods were loaded damaged by the carrier. The opposite of "Clean Bill of Lading ".
  • FOUR-WAY PALLET A pallet designed to fit into the forks of the work machine from four sides.
  • FREE ASTRAY: Finding lost goods and sending them to the right destination free of charge.
  • FREE IN AND OUT (FIO) The situation in which the loading and unloading expenses of the ship are paid by the charterer or loader.
  • FREE PARTICULAR AVERAGE (FPA) A marine insurance term that refers to the situation where the insurer does not pay for partial loss or damage except in cases such as sinking, fire, collision and grounding.
  • FREE OUT: The situation where the ship 's unloading costs are paid by the charterer.
  • FREE PORT / FOREIGN TRADE ZONE Port Free Zone. The port where goods exempt from customs are handled.
  • FREE TIME Free, free time. Additional time during which loading/unloading equipment can be used free of charge.
  • FREE TRADE ZONE: Free Trade Zone. A port area where goods that are not prohibited by a country 's government can enter duty-free. In this area, goods can be loaded, stored, manufactured and re-exported.
  • FREIGHT Freight. A term that refers to both freight and bulk transportation costs.
  • FREIGHT BILL Freight invoice.
  • FREIGHT FORWARDER Transport organizer.
  • FREIGHTERS Cargo ships. Cold storage or packaged goods vessels; container, partial container transport vessels and barge carriers.
  • FTL Abbreviation for "Full Truck Load ". Truck loaded for a single loader and a single receiver.
  • FULL CONTAINERSHIP These are ships equipped with permanent container cells or with no free space for other types of cargo.
  • GATEWAY Transition point. The point where cargo passes between transportation lines.
  • GATT is an abbreviation for "General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ". An international agreement signed multilaterally to facilitate trade and increase volume between countries. GATT was replaced by the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1994.
  • GBL: Abbreviation for "Government Bill of Lading ". Government Bill of Lading.
  • GDSM is an abbreviation for "General Department Store Merchandise ". A term that refers to cargoes that generally include the goods of mass-produced companies. This expression is often used in service contracts.
  • GENERAL SET (GEN SET) Portable generator mounted on a reefer container and providing cooling during transit time.
  • GO-DOWN is the name given to the warehouse where goods are stored and distributed in the Far East.
  • GOODSNECK: Raised side of the chassis for attaching the container to the tractor.
  • GRI is an abbreviation for "General Rate Increase ". General price increase. It generally refers to the increase made by sea carriers who are members of a conference on the general rate.
  • GROSS TONAGE (GT) Gross weight of ships (V=Total volume of the ship), approximately calculated by the empirical formula of (0.2+0.02 Log 10V).
  • GROSS WEIGHT Gross weight. The total weight of goods, pallets, containers, packages and wagons.
  • GROUPAGE Groupage, consolidation. Combination service of partial loads in small packages by transferring them to large transport containers.
  • GVW: Abbreviation for "Gross Vehicle Weight ". Gross vehicle weight.
  • HARBOR MASTER: Port Captain. The person who supervises the docking, maneuvering and anchoring of ships in a port.
  • HATCH A deck hatch cover. The hatchway through which cargo entries are made.
  • HAZ MAT: Abbreviation for "Hazardeous Materials ". Hazardous substance.
  • HEAVY LIFT CHARGE: The fee charged for lifting loads that are too heavy for a ship 's normal loading equipment to carry.
  • HIGH-DENSITY COMPRESSION: Compression of a standard cotton bale with a cubic meter weight of 14.5 kilograms. It is generally used in cotton cargoes exported by sea.
  • HITCHMENT: Binding Service. The service of combining the parts of goods coming from different places and being transported from a sender to a receiver under a single bill of lading.
  • HOPPER BARGE A large bucket-shaped barge with an opening bottom used for loading and unloading ships.
  • HOUSE-TO-HOUSE Another name for door-to-door transportation.
  • HOUSE TO PIER: From the door to the pier. The cargo is loaded into a container by the carrier under the supervision of the carrier. When the cargo is exported, it is unloaded at the foreign destination pier.
  • HUMPING: The process of combining a moving railway wagon with a stationary railway wagon in the railway classification area to form a train. The wagons are moved from a hump or hill to the appropriate rail by gravity.
  • IATA: Abbreviation for "International Air Transport Organisation ". The organization that oversees the tariffs and authorizations of Passenger and Cargo Transport in International Air Transport.
  • I/A is an abbreviation for "Indepedent Action ". It is the right of one of the conference members to write another tariff or rule based on the general rates and rules of the agreement.
  • ICC is an abbreviation for "International Chamber of Commerce ". International Chamber of Commerce.
  • IE is an abbreviation for "Immediate Exit ". A customs clearance emergency exit form used by U.S. Customs when goods are brought in and exported without being immediately transported within the borders of the United States.
  • IMCO is an abbreviation for "International Maritime Consultative Organisation ". International Maritime Consultative Organization. A forum attended by all countries that makes recommendations on dangerous goods, bulk cargo and general maritime rules.
  • IMDG CODE: Abbreviation for "International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code ". International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (UDTM Code). Rules published by IMO that determine the rules and classification of international transportation of dangerous goods.
  • ISO: Abbreviation for "International Standards Organization ". International Organization for Standardization. An organization that creates international standards on all matters from equipment to packaging, labeling and paperwork.
  • IT: Abbreviation for "Immediate Transport ". Immediate Transport. The document prepared by the carrier, used in the customs clearance procedures at the final destination, starting from the US port entrance. The transport ends the customs clearance procedures at the final destination. It is also called Transfer-Entry.
  • IGLOO Container in the shape of an aircraft fuselage used in air transportation.
  • IMAGE PROCESSING Image processing. The system of taking electronic photographs from a company 's documents and systematically storing these photographs electronically.
  • IMMEDIATE EXPOTATION Immediate export. A record that allows foreign goods arriving at a port to be exported from the same port without paying customs duty.
  • IMPORT Import, import. Receiving a product produced in a foreign country to be sold within the country 's customs borders.
  • IMPORT LICENSE: Import License. Documents and licenses required for the import of goods undertaken and regulated by some states.
  • IN BOND: Cargo moving under customs control without paying customs duty.
  • INBOND LOGISTICS Supply Logistics. Logistics management field, whose main subjects are determining the effective route and schedule, scheduling the delivery of component parts, satellite monitoring of shipment movements, barcode verification at delivery-receiving points, supplier coordination, material management and returnable container control.
  • IN GATE At the door. Buying, selling or exchange transactions when the container is unloaded from the carrier at the train station or port.
  • IN TRANSIT In transit.
  • INCENTIVE RATE: Privileged tariff. Price tariff for more volume than the volume determined by the installer. Offered for the section exceeding the normal volume.
  • INCOTERMS is the catalog of abbreviations used by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) for commercial sales terms. Worldly accepted sales methods that explain at what point the transportation, insurance and liability costs of the seller and buyer change hands. These terms were last reviewed in 2000.
  • INDEMNITY BOND: Security bond. An agreement that assumes the responsibility of keeping the carrier without causing any harm.
  • INFOPARTNERING: Information partnership. An active consumer response element that shows where retailers, wholesalers and manufacturers can develop partnerships based on shared "actionable information " and establish real-time communication links.
  • INDEPENDENT ACTION: In container transportation, a carrier goes out of the cartel on a certain line and applies cheaper non-conference transportation tariffs.
  • INDEPENDENT TARIFF: Independent tariff. Any price tariff that is not part of the agreement or conference system.
  • INDUCEMENT: Although a ship is not on its pre-specified route, it later arrives at this port with enough cargo to cover the stopping costs of that ship and this port is included in the ship 's route.
  • INHERENT VICE Insurance and legal term indicating the internal features of the product. Some products may burn, deteriorate or damage other products due to their internal characteristics. Insurance policies bind these products to exceptional conditions.
  • INLAND CARRIER A carrier that organizes transportation to inland ports and points. A carrier who controls import or export traffic between unspecified ports or points.
  • INSOURCING Internal sourcing. It is the opposite of outshurcing. Service performed within the organization.
  • INSPECTION CERTIFICATE Certificate issued by a company or independent organizations such as SGS and Lloyd 's, which certifies the quality and/or number of goods being shipped. This type of certificate is usually requested as a condition of a letter of credit for assurance about the quality of the goods.
  • INSTALLMENT SHIPMENTS Integral installations. It is the loading under the terms of a letter of credit. It should generally be done within the allowed and given time.
  • INSULATED CONTAINER Insulated container. Outdoor air, heat, pressure, humidity, etc. from its walls, roof, floor and door. Insulated container to protect from changes.
  • INSULATED CONTAINER: TANK Insulated Tank Container. A tank-shaped container insulated from all atmospheric conditions used in the transportation of liquids, gases and chemicals.
  • INSURANCE Insurance.
  • INSURANCE ALL-RISK: Insurance with no or minimum deductible limit. This type of insurance promises the carrier the broadest amount of insurance against damages that may occur during transit. The concept of "All Risk " should not be misinterpreted as all-encompassing. "All Risk " insurance should be examined thoroughly and asked whether it covers situations such as war, flood, earthquake.
  • INSURANCE, GENERAL AVERAGE: General Average Insurance. In maritime transportation, deliberately damaging part of the cargo for the safety of the cargo remaining on the ship.
  • INSURANCE LIQUIDATIONS: Damaged Item Hunters. Secondary market companies that specialize in purchasing products that are damaged in shipping and considered lost by insurance companies.
  • INSURANCE, PARTICULAR AVERAGE: Marine insurance term used for loss of goods insured against dangers in personal transportation. Partial averaging can be taken, but for this the damage must be more than a certain percentage. This rate is generally 3%-5% of the value of the load.
  • INSURANCE WITH AVERAGE CLAUSE: If the damage to the insured cargo exceeds 3% or half of the value of the insured goods, this article is applied. If the transport vehicle burns, sinks or crashes, all damage is paid. In marine insurance, the word average means partial damage or partial loss.
  • INTEGRATED LOGISTICS Integrated logistics. It is a system-wide view of the entire supply chain by the management, from the procurement of raw materials to the distribution of the finished product. Rather than managing individual functions separately, all functions that make up the supply chain need to be managed as a single entity.
  • INTEGRATED OPERATOR Integrated operator. A service that controls the entire movement process of the load from the moment it is received to the moment it is delivered. It is the idea that a tighter programming and total control will lead to a better service. "Integrated Operators " mostly use their own tools.
  • INTERCHANGE Transfer place/station. Transferring the load from one carrier to another between lines.
  • INTERCHANGE POINT: The place where the cargo is transferred from one carrier to another carrier.
  • INTERCOASTAL Sea transportation service between two coasts.
  • INTERLINE FREIGHT Transshipment freight. Freight that goes from the origin to the destination on two or more transportation lines.
  • INTERMEDIATE POINT The point located between two transport routes.
  • INTERMODAL: Movement of the cargo container between different transportation modes (sea-land-train-air).
  • INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION: Intermodal transportation. Using more than one mode of transport to deliver goods. This movement of trailers-containers by rail plus at least one other mode of transport.
  • INTERPLANT LOGISTICS In-plant logistics. It refers to mini logistics movements carried out within production and warehouse facilities.
  • INTERSTATE COMMERCE: Interstate Commerce in the USA. The exchange of goods between buyers and sellers in two or more states.
  • INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION Interstate Commerce Commission in the USA. The federal body charged with enforcing laws passed by the U.S. Congress regarding carriers engaged in interstate commerce. It is directly responsible to the congress.
  • INTRASTATE COMMERCE: Intrastate commerce in the USA. Conducting all business between buyer and seller within the state.
  • IN-TRANSIT COMMERCE (IT) A document that allows foreign goods arriving at a port to be transported to another port under record. Goods that can replace the original goods at the other port are sent back.
  • INVENTORY Inventory.
  • INVENTORY COST The financial burden of maintaining inventory.
  • INVENTORY TURNOVER The rate of how many times a company turns its inventory for any of its products annually. It is the most important criterion in the success of companies ' inventory management.
  • INVESTMENT RECOVERY: Recovery of investment.
  • INVOICE: 1-Invoice. 2-A list showing the number, price and maritime operations taxes of the goods sent to the buyer in maritime services.
  • INWARD FOREIGN MANIFEST(IFM) Manifesto. The document in which all details about the type and quantity of the cargo are specified. It is the main source of cargo control. It is required in all ports of the world.
  • IPI: Abbreviation for "Inland Point Intermodal ". These are the non-port land points used by carriers in their loading documents.
  • IRREGULAR Non-standard, irregular.
  • IRREVOCABLE LETTER OF CREDIT Irrevocable Letter of Credit. A letter of credit that guarantees payment in the amount specified by the bank if all terms and conditions are met by the person receiving the transfer. This type of letter of credit cannot be invalidated without the mutual consent of the seller and the buyer.
  • ISO 9000: ISO 9000 Standard. A set of quality assurance standards compiled by the International Standards Organization ISO, headquartered in Geneva.
  • ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ORGANIZATION: International Standards Organization. See ISO
  • ISSUING BANK: The buyer 's bank that opens the letter of credit. As soon as the necessary documents are delivered, the person pays the price of the product to the seller or his bank.
  • ISSUING CARRIER A carrier who issues transport documents or prints tariffs.
  • JACKET A wooden or fiber protector placed around cans and bottles.
  • JACOB 'S LADDER: A rope ladder hanging from the side of the vehicle used for boarding.
  • JETTISON: It is the throwing of cargo or equipment (jetsam) from the ship when the ship is in danger.
  • JIT is an abbreviation for "Just in Time ". Inventory control method that minimizes storage costs. For the method to be successful, containers must arrive at the storage area on time, neither early nor late.
  • JOINT RATE: The price applied from the first transportation point to the next. These transportation systems are the only agreed and approved tariff between the lines.
  • KILOGRAM: Kilogram.1000 gr. or a unit of weight equal to 2.2046 pounds.
  • KING PIN The part that connects the tractor to the front of the chassis.
  • KNOCKED DOWN: (KD) Separating the load into parts for reassembly in order to make an economical load.
  • KNOWN LOSS Known loss. Loss detected at or before delivery.
  • KT: Kilo ton or metric ton. 1000 kilos or 2,204.6 pounds
  • L/C: Abbreviation for "Letter of Credit ". Letter of Credit, Letter of Credit.
  • LADEN Loaded on the side of the vehicle or ship.
  • LADING: It refers to the loaded goods and cargo content.
  • LANDBRIDGE Bridge country transportation. Transportation of a good by sea from a second country to third countries by land or rail. Just like when a good originating from Asia is transported on land in the USA and transferred to Europe by sea.
  • LANDED COST The total cost of a product to the buyer, including transportation costs.
  • LANDING CERTIFICATE: Certificate issued at the point of export or on-site for goods subject to customs by the consulates of some importing countries.
  • LANDING GEAR: The part at the front of the chassis that helps keep the trailer balanced when it is separated from the tractor.
  • LASH Abbreviation for "Lighter Aboard Ship ". A ship equipped with a crane for lifting and unloading goods.
  • LCL: Abbreviation for "Less than Container Load ". Partial loading container. It must have more than one uploader and/or more than one receiver.
  • LESS THA TRUCKLOAD: See. LCL
  • LETTER OF CREDIT: (LC) Letter of credit, letter of credit. Authorization given to a bank on behalf of the buyer who imports the goods to pay a certain amount to the seller, provided that certain conditions are met and certain documents are delivered.
  • LETTER OF CREDIT-REVOLVING Renewed letter of credit. An irrevocable letter of credit of a certain amount renews itself for the same amount at the end of a specified maturity.
  • LETTER OF CREDIT-TRANSFERRABLE Transferable letter of credit. It is a type of letter of credit in which the beneficiary can request the bank to transfer all or part of the letter of credit to a third party.
  • LETTER OF IMDEMNITY Compensation letter. In order to obtain a clean bill of lading (Clean Bill of Lading), the document that the shipper sometimes signs and gives to the carrier even though damage and loss are detected during the inspection of the goods.
  • LIGHTENING Lightening the ship by unloading some of its cargo while it is anchored so that it can dock at the port.
  • LINE HAUL Line transportation. These are transportations made from one city to another outside of the local service.
  • LINER: A ship that regularly carries out line transportation between certain ports.
  • LLOYD 'S REGISTRY LLOYD: Registry. Institution that carries out the inspection and classification of ships and thus informs insurers and other interested parties about the quality and condition of ships offered for insurance or use.
  • LOCAL CARGO Local cargo. Freight delivered to the carrier in the local area or delivered from the carrier to the ultimate consignee.
  • LOGISTICS: Logistics. The part of the supply chain that plans, implements and controls the effective and efficient flow and storage of goods, services and related information from production to consumption to ensure customer satisfaction.
  • LONG TON A large ton weighs 2,204 pounds.
  • LONGSHOREMAN Docker. The person assigned to load and unload ships in the port.
  • LOOSE: Unpackaged goods.
  • MMFB: Abbreviation for "Middlewest Motor Freight Bureau. " Midwest Shipping Office in the USA.
  • MALPRACTICE: Corruption. Illegal low prices given by the carrier as a discount or freight value for attractive cargo to customers. In this case, the content of the material valued at the lower tariff is not reported.
  • MANDAMUS: A decision from the court to take special actions.
  • MANIFEST: Manifesto. It is a document showing the list of details prepared by the carrier and its agency. It is the summary details of the total cargo on the ship. It is generally used for customs purposes.
  • MARINE INSURANCE: Marine insurance. It is a type of contractual insurance designed to cover losses that may arise as a result of maritime risk. Boat, P&I, Cargo "Hamule " etc. There are types.
  • MARITIME: Maritime or commercial work carried out at sea or in a port under the authority of the maritime court.
  • MARKING: These are numbers, documents or other symbols placed on cargo packages to facilitate recognition. Also known as Mark.
  • MARLINESPIKE: Marked metal rod. Used for tying the shore rope.
  • MASTER INBOND: The program implemented by the American Customs under the EDI BILGE system, AMS, which allows electronic reporting of foreign cargoes in the USA.
  • MATE 'S RECEIPT: (Formerly) A receipt showing that the cargo was received by the first officer against signature. The person who has the receipt has the right to change the bill of lading.
  • MBM: 1000 board feet. 1 MBM is equal to 2.265 cm.
  • MCFS: Abbreviation for "Master Container Freight Station ". It is the abbreviation for master container cargo station. See CFS.
  • MEASUREMENT CARGO: Cargo charged based on basic volume measurements.
  • MEASUREMENT TON 400: unit of volume equal to square feet.
  • MECHANICALLY VENTILATED CONTAINER: Ventilated container.
  • MOMERANDUM BILL OF LADING: City bill of lading. Copy of bill of lading.
  • METER: Meter. Approx 39.37 inches and 100cm. corresponding unit of length.
  • METRIC TONE: 2,204.6 pounds or 1000 kg. equivalent unit of weight.
  • MICROBRIDGE: It is the transportation provided by the sea carrier from the point of origin of the cargo to the point where it is loaded and finally unloaded. Meanwhile, the cargo and freight are the responsibility of the carrier.
  • MILE: Mile. A statute mile is approximately 1609 meters and a nautical mile is approximately 1852 meters.
  • MINI LANDBRIDGE: A combined transportation system in which the container is transported by sea and then shipped to the previous port by rail or truck.
  • MINIMUM BILL OF LADING: One of the articles of the bill of lading. It indicates that the lowest price is applied by the carrier. This pricing may be the current price and exact quantity for each ton.
  • MINIMUM CHARGE: The lowest fee assessed for the transportation of the goods.
  • MIXED CONTAINER LOAD: Loading different items into the container in a single loading.
  • MLB: Abbreviation for "Mini Landbridge ". See related article.
  • WODIFIED ATMOSPHERE: Change of gas mixtures to normal atmospheric pressure within the container.
  • MT: Abbreviation for "Metric Ton ". A unit of weight equal to 100 kg.
  • MULTIMODAL: Combined system. After the container is transported by sea, it is shipped to the previous port by rail or truck.
  • MULTITANK CONTAINER: A container containing two or more liquid tanks.
  • NCITD: Abbreviation for "National Committee on International Trade Documentation. " US National Committee on International Trade Documentation.
  • NMFC: Abbreviation for "National Motor Freight Classification ". National Ground Cargo Classification in the USA.
  • NPCFB: Abbreviation for "North Pacific Coast Freight Bureau ". U.S. North Pacific Coast Cargo Office.
  • NAUTICAL MILE: Nautical mile. A unit of nautical distance of approximately 1852 metres.
  • NEC: Abbreviation for "Not Elsewhere Classified " A bill of lading term meaning "not classified elsewhere ".
  • NEGETIOABLE INSTRUMENTS: Negotiable documents such as checks, promissory notes, bills or bills of lading.
  • NES: Abbreviation for "Not Elsewhere Specified ". Bill of lading term meaning "not specified elsewhere ".
  • NESTED: Packaging that saves space and volume and allows one item to be completely buried within another.
  • NET TARE WEIGHT: Net tare weight. Self weight of transport units.
  • NET TONNAGE: (NT) Net tonnage. It is the net weight stated on the ship 's certificate. Some port costs are calculated based on this weight.
  • NET WEIGHT: Net weight. It is the specific gravity of the goods without any packaging.
  • NEUTRAL BODY: The organization established to examine tax violations and control carrier documents with its own unique policy, in compliance with the decisions of the maritime conference of its members. Violations are reported to the members and significant penalties are imposed.
  • NO-SHOW: Even though the cargo has been booked, it cannot arrive on time before sailing and therefore it is not loaded.
  • NOI: Abbreviation for "Not Otherwise Indexed ". Term bill of lading meaning "not indexed ".
  • NOIBN: Abbreviation for "Not Otherwise Indexed By Name ". Bill of lading term meaning "not shown by name unless otherwise stated ".
  • NON-DUMPING CERTIFICATE: Document required by some countries to prevent ships and other products from being sold cheaply.
  • NON-VESSEL OPERATING COMMON CARRIER: (NVOCC) Using someone else 's ship and issuing bills of lading in his own name; Consolidator companies and transportation brokers who buy from the sea carrier and sell them to exporters. NVOCC issues bills of lading, publishes recipes and even organizes transportation without carrying out physical transportation. Also referred to as "Non-Vehicle Operation Common Carrier ".
  • NOR: Abbreviation for "Notice of Readiness ". Preparation letter. Notification that the ship is ready for loading.
  • NOS: Abbreviation for "Not Otherwise Specified ". Term bill of lading meaning "not otherwise specified ".
  • NOSE: Nose. The front part of the wagon or container.
  • OECD is an abbreviation for "Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development ". The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development ", headquartered in Paris. It is an organization formed by the countries with the world 's largest gross national product.
  • OPIC Abbreviation for "Overseas Private Investment Corporation ". Organization for Overseas Private Investment in the United States.
  • OCEAN BILL OF LADING: (OCEAN B/L) Sea bill of lading. It is a transportation contract between the exporter and the carrier. It is proof that the carrier has received the material. If it is negotiable, the bill of lading can be sold, bought or exchanged while the cargo is underway.
  • ODS Abbreviation for "Operating Differential Subsidy ". The name given to the cash incentives given to transportation companies by the US government.
  • ON BOARD A statement on the bill of lading showing that the cargo has been loaded onto the ship. Letter of credit terms are stated in the bill of lading when necessary.
  • ON DECK: The statement on the ship 's bill of lading showing that the cargo is loaded on the open deck.
  • OPEN ACCOUNT Open account. A commercial agreement indicating that the goods are loaded to a foreign buyer without any guarantee of payment.
  • OPEN INSURANCE POLICY Open insurance policy. In maritime transportation, insurance that covers all of the transportation to be carried out by an exporter in a certain period.
  • OPEN TOP CONTAINER A type of container that can be loaded and unloaded from the top and has a removable ceiling cover or is covered with a tarpaulin.
  • OPERATING RATIO Comparison of the carrier 's net sales and expenses. Used to measure operational efficiency.
  • OPTIMUM CUBE: The highest volume reached in container loading.
  • ORDER-NOTIFY (O/N) The bill of lading term that expresses the delivery of the goods before customs clearance. It is generally valid for goods with letters of credit.
  • ORFS: Abbreviation for "Origin Rail Freight Station ". Abbreviation for cargo train origin station. Railway station of origin of goods.
  • ORIGIN: The exit point where the goods begin to be transported.
  • ORIGINAL BILL OF LADING (OBL) Original bill of lading. The signed document required for the completion of the carrier contract. The carrier issuing the bill of lading must put the word "original " on the document.
  • OS&D: Abbreviation for "Over, Short or Damaged. " The statement placed on the bill of lading in case the goods are found to be "excess, minus or damaged " during loading.
  • OUT GATE Procedures when the container leaves the train or ship port.
  • OVERCHARGE Charging over the printed tariff.
  • OVERHEIGHT CARGO Cargo that is higher than 8 feet and therefore cannot be loaded into a standard container.
  • OWNERCODE (SCAC) Abbreviation for "Standard Carrier Abbreviation Code ". Identifies the individual common carrier.
  • P&I Abbreviation for "Protection and Indemnity ". P&I insurance is insurance clubs established by ship owner companies, as the amount of cargo and environmental damage that may occur may be too large to be covered by reinsurance companies. Except for small volume local transports, all international maritime transports are required to have P&I insurance.
  • PACKING LIST A list in which the individual units/quantities and signs of the transported goods items are specified, but their values ​​are not included.
  • PADAG Abbreviation for "Please Authorize Delivery Against Guarantee ". "Please ensure delivery of goods in return for warranty ". It is used to instruct the relevant agency if the buyer does not have the original bill of lading.
  • PAIRED PORTS: A customs program implemented in the USA. An electronic system that allows cargo to be accepted without entry documents at any of the two designated customs gates.
  • PAPER RAMP A railway ramp used to equalize two points.
  • PAPER RATE Transportation fee that remains on paper because it is not applied to any cargo.
  • PARCEL RECEIPT is the name given to the document given to the cargo owner instead of the bill of lading when a carrier carries small packages for a fee below the minimum bill of lading, completely in accordance with the rules and laws.
  • PARTIAL CONTAINERSHIP Partial container ship. Ship with both permanent container cells and compartments for partial cargo.
  • PARTIAL SHIPMENTS Partial loading.
  • PARTICULAR AVERAGE A term related to insurance. It is used in premium calculation.
  • PAYEE: The person on whose behalf payment will be made for a certain negotiable instrument is the payee. In a letter of credit, the payee may be the check/bill holder or his bank.
  • PER DIEM Latin term for a wage fixed on a daily basis.
  • PERILS OF THE SEA Risks in maritime transportation for which the carrier has no legal responsibility.
  • PHYTOSANITARY INSPECTION CERTIFICATE: Plant Health Certificate. A document issued for a product to be exported to another country and upon the request of this country, showing that the agricultural product is not harmful to health and does not carry any disease.
  • PICKUP: Receiving the cargo subject to a loading by truck from the loader 's factory or warehouse.
  • PIER Pier, dock.
  • PIER TO PIER Transport from dock to dock.
  • PIGGY PACKER Mobile crane used to unload/load containers onto railway wagons.
  • PIGGYBACK: The name given to the transportation of the truck with its load by rail. Also called "Rail Pigs ".
  • PLACE OF DELIVERY Place of delivery.
  • POD: Abbreviation for "Port of Discharge " or "Port of Destination ". Port of Discharge.
  • POINT OF ORIGIN: The point of origin. The point where the cargo is received from the loader.
  • POL 1. Abbreviation for "Port of Loading ". Port of loading. 2. Abbreviation for "Petroleum Oil and Lubrications ". Petroleum and other liquid fuels.
  • POMERENCE ACT: The law indicating the situations in which a bill of lading can be issued in the USA.
  • PORT OF DISCHARGE: (BILL OF LADING) The place shown as "Discharge Port " on the bill of lading.
  • PORT OF ENTRY: The customs point where the cargo is unloaded and enters the importing country.
  • PORT OF EXIT: The customs point where the cargo is loaded and leaves the country.
  • PRATIQUE CERTIFICATE: Document issued by the relevant country 's health ministry officials or the ministry to lift the temporary quarantine on a ship. In maritime jargon, it is called "pratika ".
  • PRE COOLING Pre-cooling method applied for citrus fruits and similar perishable cargoes and prevents the cargo from deteriorating due to sudden temperature changes.
  • PREPAID (Ppd.) Prepayments made by the shipper before the carrier releases the bill of lading.
  • PRO FORMA INVOICE: Proforma invoice. An invoice sent by a supplier to the buyer stating all sales terms, type, quantity and value of the goods to be loaded.
  • PRO RATE is a Latin term meaning "proportionate ". Especially in shipping, it means that if the allowed day period in the prime and demurrage calculations is exceeded and completed first, the difference will be calculated based on the elapsed hours and minutes, not the full day.
  • PROJECT RATE The price given at a time for the transportation of various goods belonging to a project. Generally used for construction projects.
  • PUBLISHING AGENT A person or organization authorized by transportation lines to publish tariffs and prices or regulations and rules.
  • QUARANTINE: Quarantine. An area whose entry and exit are permitted in order to protect public health. A ship can be quarantined for health reasons and is prevented from anchoring in a certain area. A flag with a capital letter "Q " is hoisted on the quarantined ship.
  • QUOTA: Quota. The amount of goods that can be imported for a certain period of time.
  • QUOTATION: Quotation. An offer to sell a good under certain conditions and at a certain price.
  • RAG TOP: Open container with a tarpaulin top.
  • RAIL DIVISION Transportation fee paid to railways by the sea carrier.
  • RAIL GROUNDING: Discharge of the container from the train.
  • RAMP: Railway ramp. The railway terminal where the container is loaded and unloaded. It is called this name because this process used to take place on the railway ramp where the wagons docked. Today, this process is carried out with cranes and other lifting/unloading vehicles.
  • RAMP YO DOOR: Transport from the ramp to the address desired by the customer.
  • RAMP TO RAMP Transport from one railway terminal to another.
  • RATE BASIS The set of factors included in the formulas during pricing.
  • REASONABLENESS: The principle of reasonableness in transportation costs. According to the International Chamber of Commerce and legal legislation, the transportation fee must be at a level that covers the traffic and transportation costs of the carrier and leaves a reasonable profit for the carrier.
  • REBATE: Reducing prices below tariffs to a level that creates unfair competition.
  • RECONSIGNEMENT Changing the consignee or destination port on the bill of lading while the goods are in transit. See DIVERSION
  • RECOUSE Claiming a debt or invoice from guarantors.
  • READ LABEL: Red label that must be pasted on dangerous substances that may catch fire.
  • REFFER: Cooling container.
  • RELATED POINTS: Points whose prices are the same for a group of points or are related to the group.
  • RELAY Container transportation between transport vehicles with the same owner.
  • REMITTANCE Money transfer.
  • RESTRICTED ARTICLES: Classified articles that can be transported under certain conditions.
  • REVENUE TON: (RT) Revenue earned per ton of transportation.
  • REVERSE ROPE: Leaving the container to be transported somewhere in the interior of the USA to the eastern ports.
  • RFQ Abbreviation for "Request for quatation ". Transfer request.
  • RO/RO Abbreviation for "Roll on/Roll of Vessels ". Ro/Ro transportation. A form of transportation in which wheeled vehicles can be boarded without a crane.
  • ROLL: Rebooking cargo on the next ship.
  • ROLLING Movement of the ship from side to side.
  • ROLL-ON/ROLL-OF VESSELS See. RO/RO.
  • RUNNING GEAR Supplementary tool used to move the container.
  • RVNX Abbreviation for "Released Value Not Exceeding ". Limitation of the price of transported goods
  • SANCTION Sanction. An embargo imposed by a government against another country
  • SCAC CODE See. "Owner Code ".
  • SEA WAYBILL Sea bill of lading. It is a document showing that the goods used by the company in its own transportation have been loaded onto the ship.
  • SEA-BEE VESSEL A vessel with an elevator or lever. Offshore vessels with heavy-duty hydraulic lifts or elevators installed at the back section that can remain submerged. "See Bee " barges are larger than LASH barges. "Sea-Bee " systems are not used for very long.
  • SEA PROTEST See Captain Protest.
  • SEAWORTHINESS: Suitability for voyage, seaworthiness. The suitability of a ship according to its intended use is the ship 's suitability in all respects for the intended voyage.
  • SED: Abbreviation for "Shipper 's Export Declaration ". Carrier 's Export declaration issued by the US Department of Commerce.
  • SERVICE 1-Service, service. 2-A fleet of ships making a specific voyage and providing service to a specific market.
  • SERVICE CONTRACT Service contract. The contract between the carrier/shipper and the carrier. In this contract, the seller undertakes to provide cargo or pay freight to the carrier for a certain period of time, while the carrier guarantees the sender certain service quality, cargo location and voyage time, etc. in return for a certain tariff. It offers assurances. The contract also includes sanctions that will be applied if the parties do not fulfill their obligations.
  • SHEX Abbreviation for "Sunday and Holidays Excluded ". Excludes Sundays and holidays.
  • SHINC Abbreviation for "Sunday and Holidays Included ". Sundays and holidays included.
  • SHIP CHANDLER: Ship outfitter. A person or company that sells equipment and tools for ships.
  • SHIP DEMURRAGE Ship storage fee. Demurrage/Debarkation fee. The fee paid when a cargo ship is delayed and a promised period is exceeded.
  • SHIPMENT Load The entire cargo specified on the bill of lading that a shipper sends to a recipient at one time.
  • SHIPPER: Carrier / shipper / consignment. The owner or agent of the transported goods.
  • SHIPPERS ASSOCIATION Carriers union or transportation association. Non-profit association representing the interests of carriers.
  • SHIPPERS INSTRUCTIONS Carrier instructions. Transportation, delivery, bill of lading format, etc. of the goods sent by the carrier or his agent to the carrier. instructions on topics.
  • SHIPPER 'S LETTER OF INSTRUCTION FOR ISSUING AN AIR WAYBIL A document for which the carrier or freight forwarder agency requests authorization to issue and sign an air waybill on behalf of the carrier.
  • SHIPPER 'S LOAD&COUNT: (SL&C) Carrier Loading and Counting. Shipment loaded and approved by the carrier and not checked and certified by the carriers. Loading and piece counting information is the responsibility of the owner.
  • SHIPPING ORDER: Carrier instruction. The carrier 's order to send the goods to the carrier. It is usually the third copy of the bill of lading.
  • SHIP 'S BELL Campana. It measures time on board. One chime is for every half hour. One bell rings at 12:30, two bells at 1:00, three bells at 1:30, and so on until 4:00. At 4:30 the ceremony begins again with a bell.
  • SHORE Support strut. To place a pole or support against or under something to prevent sinking or tilting.
  • SHORT TON 2000 pounds or 2000 lbs. Also known as American tone.
  • SHIP 'S MANIFEST Ship 's summary declaration/Manifesto. A list containing details of the cargo on a particular voyage.
  • SHRINK WRAP Protective packaging. Heat-treated and compressed polyethylene or similar material in an envelope around several units. Protects the loads on the pallet.
  • SIDE LOADER Side loader. It is a lifting pad with a lifting device placed at one corner to lift the container.
  • SIDE DOOR CONTAINER: Laterally closed container. A container equipped with a rear door and a minimum of one side door.
  • SIGHT DRAFT Negotiable documents such as checks and promissory notes that can be paid upon the application of the addressee/buyer.
  • SKIDS: Sled, kalastra. Wedges, series parallel slides, placed under boxes or constructed to allow easy access for forklifts or other lifting equipment to lift packages higher.
  • SLEEPERS: A loaded container whose contents are not included in the reports carried on the railway.
  • SPINE CAR: Special container handling vehicle, staker. Articulated 5-platform highway vehicle. It is used in places where the height and weight limit of using a "stack car " is limited.
  • SPOTTING Placing the container where it will be loaded and unloaded.
  • STABILITY 1-Stability. 2-The force that lifts a ship up or turns it up when it capsizes. The lowest lifting weight increases stability. A ship is hard with high stability and soft with low stability.
  • STACK CAR Container handling vehicle, staker. It is an articulated, 5-platform highway vehicle that provides double support for containers.
  • STACKTRAIN Rail container handling vehicle,staker.
  • STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION is a standard numerical code describing products and services used by the U.S. government.
  • STANDARD INDUSTRIAL TRADE CLASSIFICATION A standard numerical code developed by the United Nations for the classification of goods used in international trade.
  • STARBOARD Starboard side of the ship.
  • STATUE OF LIMITATION Limitation period. (Regarding a contract of carriage) The period within which the right to apply to court for claims expires.
  • STC Abbreviation for "Said to Contain ". Abbreviation for packaging. A note placed on the bill of lading by the carrier for the goods declared by the sender to be in the packaging.
  • STCC is an abbreviation for "Standard Transportation Commodity Code. " According to the type of goods, "Standard Transportation Code. "
  • STEAMSHIP CONFERENCE: Ship Operators Conference. The cartel formed by ship operators to create transportation tariffs.
  • STEAMSHIP GUARANTEE: Ship guarantee. An indemnity issued to carriers through a bank protects carriers against any loss or increase in damages resulting from the recovery of goods in a batch received.
  • STERN The back of the ship. Opposite the head.
  • STEVEDORE Private companies and their workers who carry out loading and unloading operations at ports.
  • STORE-DOOR PICK-UP DELIVERY: Fast delivery from the warehouse to the end user. The carrier receives the goods from the sender and provides all transportation services to the final consumption point.
  • STRAIGHT BILL OF LADING: Registered bill of lading. The name given to non-negotiable bills of lading. It is a bill of lading issued directly to/on behalf of the consignee written to the order and thus cannot be used by other parties. A "Non-Negociable " stamp or inscription can be placed on it.
  • STRADDLE CARRIER Large wheeled truck used for container transportation, loading and unloading.
  • STRIPPING: Unloading cargo from the container. See Devanning
  • STUFFING Loading the container.
  • STW Abbreviation for "Said to Weight ". A note placed on the bill of lading by a carrier that does not check the carrier 's weight declaration.
  • SUBROGATE: Insurance expression meaning to replace one or the other. For example, in marine insurance, the insurer paying the compensation acquires the rights of the insurer paying the money.
  • SUFFERANCE WHARF: Customs wharf. The place where the goods subject to customs are removed. It is a customer authorized and participating dock. The pier where customs officials are present and approved by customs officials.
  • SUPPLY CHAIN ​​Supply chain. Logistics management system that covers all activities from raw material supply to manufacturing and production to final consumption. "Just in Time " is an example of supply chain management.
  • SURCHARGE: Payments above or beyond the tariff.
  • SURTAX Additional tax.
  • T&E Abbreviation for "Transportation and Exportation ". Transportation and export. Customs form that controls the cargo movements of the goods from port entry to exit.
  • TAIL: Tail. The rear side of the container or trailer. The opposite side of the nose or front.
  • TANKERS Tanker. They are ships equipped with tanks to carry liquid cargo such as crude oil and petroleum products, chemicals, liquefied gas (LNG, LPG, wine, molasses and similar product tankers).
  • TARE WEIGHT Tare weight. In wagon or container transportation, the empty weight of the wagon or container.
  • TARIFF Tariff. Price quotes and rules applied by transport companies.
  • TBN Abbreviation for "To Be Nominated ". A note placed on the bill of lading when the name or code of the ship or other means of transport is not yet known.
  • TELEX Telex. It is used to deliver messages to other companies. Fax or the internet has replaced this system in most places. However, in international trade, it is still the only valid written communication method in court.
  • TEMPERATURE RECORDER: Heat recording device. A device that records the temperature in the container while the cargo is on the road.
  • TENDER Price offer. Price offer for goods transportation, vehicle parking or container loading and unloading.
  • TENOR: The date and maturity of the payment stipulated in the check.
  • TERMINAL The area allocated for the preparation of containers to be loaded on a ship, train, truck or plane, or for the immediate stacking of containers to be unloaded from these vehicles.
  • TERMINAL CHARGE Terminal charge. The price charged for services in carriers ' terminal areas.
  • TERMS OF SALE Sales terms. Cargo sales terms indicating the responsibilities of the buyer and seller in transportation, which were last determined by the International Chamber of Commerce in 2000. These are EXW, FCA, FAS, CFR, CIF, CPKT, CIP, DAF, DES, DEA, DDU and DDF. is.
  • TEU Abbreviation for "Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit ". 20 Feet container.
  • TROUGH RATE: Single price. Total price from the starting point to the final destination.
  • TROUGHPUT CHARGE: Container loading/unloading fee. The fee for transporting the container to the container area or to the ship.
  • TIME CHARTER: Contract duration. Lease contract between the ship owner and the charterer. The duration of the lease can be based on years or the cruise made.
  • TIME DRAFT: Check maturity. Overdue check or time beyond the specified period.
  • TIR: Abbreviation for "Transport International par la Route ". International Road Transport Agreement. International road transport agreement between the American and European governments. It allows sealed containers to cross national borders by showing TIR carnets.
  • TL Abbreviation for "Trailer Load ". Full truck load.
  • TOFC is an abbreviation for "Trailer on Flat Car ". Lap-on transport. Transport in the form of a trailer on an open freight wagon. Also known as "piggyback ".
  • TON_MILE Ton weight of the cargo carried per mile. Used to compare income and expenses in transportation. Return on transporting 1 ton of cargo 1 mile.
  • TONNAGE: Tonnage. A unit of volume measuring 100 square feet.
  • TOP AIR DELIVERY Type of air circulation in the container. In the air circulation unit, the air is filtered through the evaporator to the bottom part of the container and delivered through the gutters to the top part of the container. This type of movement includes special methods.
  • TOWAGE: Towage tariff. Fee tariff applied to vessels towed.
  • TRACTOR Tractor, tractor. A road vehicle pulling one or more trailers.
  • TRADE ACCEPTANCE Payment term acceptance. Payment time or day due date accepted by the buyer.
  • TRAFFIC: People or goods transported on the traffic transport line.
  • TRAMP LINE Irregular line. Maritime transport companies do not use their ships on regular and periodic routes. They direct their ships wherever there is cargo to be loaded.
  • TRANSPORT: Transport, transportation. Transportation of cargo from one place to another.
  • TRANSPORTATION & EXIT (T&E) The arrival of foreign goods to a port for transportation and their export to another port in the same country without paying customs duty.
  • TRANSSHIP Transfer. The transfer of goods from one transport line to another or from one ship to another.
  • TRANSSHIPMENT PORT: Transfer port. Where cargo is transferred from one carrier to another carrier.
  • TRUST RECEIPT: The transfer of the goods under the protection of the bank to the buyer and removing them from its protection.
  • TURNAROUND: Cooldown time. In maritime transportation, the time between the ship 's arrival at the port and its departure.
  • TWIST-LOCK: Lock. Four foldable bayonet-shaped devices used to place containers on a secure chassis.
  • TWO-WAY PALLET: Two-way pallet. A pallet designed so that forklifts can grasp it from only two sides.
  • USCONSULAR INVOICE: US Consular document. Consular document required for goods imported to America.
  • UCP is an abbreviation for "Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits ". The most frequently used payment standard for international trade, published by the International Chamber of Commerce. A publication that updates new changes in transportation and banking, such as letter of credit payments.
  • UFC Abbreviation for "Uniform Freight Classifications ". Transportation standards.
  • ULLAGE Tool. The empty space that exists when the container is not full. Empty space is the space that cannot be filled with barrels or tanks filled with liquid.
  • UNCLAIMED FREIGHT: Freight that is not requested, investigated or received by the buyer.
  • UNDERCHARGE: To charge less than the actual amount.
  • UNIT LOAD: Unit load. Packages loaded onto pallets and crates, ready to be transported.
  • UNIT TRAIN Approximately 100 wagons with a designated destination or to be used in changes to the route.
  • UNITZATION Consolidation. Gathering more than one load and turning them into one piece, like a pallet.
  • UNLOADING To unload. To unload the goods on the ship.
  • VALIDATED EXPORT LICENSE: "Export Permit Certificate " in the USA.
  • VALIDATION Approving the bill of lading. Proving and documenting the accuracy of the bill of lading.
  • VANNING: Stacking the goods into the container.
  • VARIABLE COST: Variable costs. Changes in prices depending on the activities carried out in a short time. For example, prices that involve transporting cargo by train or truck within the borders of the country, changes in the costs of works carried out in some ports and equipment rented for short periods of time.
  • VENTILATED MANIFEST: Ship manifest. The international carrier is obliged to provide information about the crew and goods contained in the port of departure and arrival of the ship. The ship customs declaration contains various details about each loading along with the bill of lading number.
  • VESSEL SUPPLIES FOR IMMEDIATE EXPORTATION A ship that enables the loading of goods to ships, planes, etc. from a single port or center and the export from the same port or center.
  • VIZ is a Latin abbreviation meaning "by name ". It is used to clearly indicate products in customs duties.
  • WAR RISK: (In Insurance) War Risk. Insuring losses that may occur in goods in case of any war.
  • WAREHOUSE Warehouse. The area where loads are accepted, consolidated, shipped and stored.
  • WAREHOUSE ENTRY Warehouse entry document. A document used to identify imported goods placed in the warehouse. Its duty is to collect taxes not while the goods are in the warehouse, but when they are taken out of the warehouse for distribution and begin to be consumed.
  • WAREHOUSE WITHDRAWAL FOR TRANSPORTATION (WDT) Transport of commercial goods in customs warehouses and replacement goods from one port to another.
  • WAREHOUSE WITHDRAWAL FOR TRANSPORTATION EXPORTATION Transportation of goods in customs warehouse from one port to another port for export via the USA without paying taxes.
  • WAREHOUSE WITHDRAWAL FOR TRANSPORTATION IMMADIATE EXPORTATION (WDEX): Ensuring that the goods in the customs warehouse are exported without paying direct taxes.
  • WAREHOUSING Storage.
  • WAYBILL (WB) Shipping bill, bill of lading. In maritime transportation, a document prepared by the transportation line, showing the starting point of the movement, the destination, the route, the sender of the goods, the receiver, the description of the ships and the amount of the fee applied to the transportation service. This document is sent to the agency together or by mail. is sent.
  • WEIGHT AND MESUREMENT: Calculation of freight by weight and volume. Measurement ton: 40 feet3 or 1 m3. Net ton and missing ton=2000 Ibs Grosston/longton=2,249 Ibs. Metric ton, kilo ton=2204.3 Ibs. Cubic meters = 35,314 cubic feet.
  • YARD Classification, inspection and storage area.
  • YORK ANTWERP RULES OF 1974, which was last amended in 1994, especially regarding the calculation of average in accordance with the provisions of the bill of lading or C/P.
  • ZULU TIME: Adjustment to Greenwich time.